Health safeguards under the UN’s reimposition of sanctions on Iran

On Sept 28, 2025, the UN Security Council snapback under Resolution 2231 reinstated multilateral sanctions on Iran related to insufficient compliance in international oversight of its nuclear programme. This Correspondence does not take a position on the UN Security Council decision to reimpose multilateral sanctions. We focus on the implications of these geopolitical decisions for Iran’s population, against the backdrop of devastating impacts on at-risk populations under previous sanctions.